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Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), is a complex and debilitating condition characterized by extreme fatigue that does not improve with rest and is not caused by any underlying medical condition. The exact cause of CFS/ME is still not fully understood, and there is no specific diagnostic test for the condition.

Symptoms of CFS/ME can vary from person to person but typically include:

1. Persistent fatigue: This fatigue is not relieved by rest and is not proportional to any recent activity.
2. Post-exertional malaise: Physical or mental exertion can worsen symptoms, leading to a significant decline in overall functioning and energy levels.
3. Unrefreshing sleep: Despite sleeping for an adequate amount of time, individuals with CFS/ME often wake up feeling tired and unrefreshed.
4. Cognitive difficulties: Many people with CFS/ME experience problems with memory, concentration, and overall cognitive function. This is often referred to as “brain fog.”
5. Orthostatic intolerance: Some individuals may experience symptoms such as dizziness or lightheadedness upon standing, which may be due to difficulties in regulating blood pressure.

The management of CFS/ME is primarily focused on symptom relief and improving quality of life. Treatment approaches may include a combination of the following:

1. Lifestyle modifications: Patients are advised to manage their activity levels and avoid overexertion. Pacing and gradual increases in activity can help prevent symptom exacerbation.
2. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): CBT can be helpful in managing symptoms by addressing negative thought patterns and developing coping strategies.
3. Graded exercise therapy (GET): Under the guidance of a healthcare professional, individuals may engage in a structured exercise program that gradually increases physical activity levels.
4. Medications: Certain medications may be prescribed to manage specific symptoms such as pain, sleep disturbances, and depression.
5. Supportive care: Joining support groups or seeking counseling can provide emotional support and help individuals cope with the challenges of living with CFS/ME.

It’s important to note that CFS/ME is a complex condition, and treatment approaches may vary from person to person. It’s recommended to consult with a healthcare professional experienced in managing CFS/ME to develop an individualized treatment plan.